The correct answer is A. Informed search.
Informed search is a type of search that uses problem-specific knowledge beyond the definition of the problem to guide the search process. This knowledge can be in the form of heuristics, which are rules of thumb that can be used to estimate the cost of reaching a goal state, or it can be in the form of a map of the search space.
Uninformed search, on the other hand, does not use any problem-specific knowledge. It simply explores the search space in a random or systematic manner.
Depth-first search and breadth-first search are both examples of uninformed search. They differ in the order in which they explore the search space. Depth-first search explores the search space in a depth-first manner, meaning that it explores all of the possible paths from the current state before moving on to the next state. Breadth-first search, on the other hand, explores the search space in a breadth-first manner, meaning that it explores all of the possible paths from the current state before moving on to the next state.
Informed search is often more efficient than uninformed search, because it can use problem-specific knowledge to guide the search process and avoid exploring dead ends. However, informed
search can also be more difficult to implement, because it requires knowledge of the problem domain.