Which part of independent India had held the first election based on u

Which part of independent India had held the first election based on universal adult franchise?

Hyderabad

Manipur

West Bengal

Nagaland

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UPSC Geoscientist – 2023

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The correct answer is B) Manipur.

Manipur, a princely state that acceded to India, held elections based on universal adult franchise in June 1948 for its Legislative Assembly. This election took place before the first general elections for the Parliament of India in 1951-52, and also before the final merger of Manipur into the Union of India in October 1949. This makes it the first part of independent India to hold elections on the basis of universal adult franchise.

Universal adult franchise means that the right to vote is extended to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, or any other restriction, subject only to minor exceptions. India adopted universal adult suffrage with the enactment of the Constitution in 1950. While the first nationwide general elections were held in 1951-52, Manipur conducted elections based on this principle earlier in 1948 as a constituent state of the Dominion of India before its formal integration as a Part C state. Hyderabad was integrated later in 1948 and its political structure evolved over time. West Bengal was a province integrated into the Dominion of India in 1947, but the first state-wide elections under the new Constitution for its legislature were part of the 1951-52 general elections. Nagaland was formed as a separate state much later in 1963.

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