Which park among the following has been declared as the India’s first

Which park among the following has been declared as the India’s first “Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures” (OECM) site ?

The Corbett National Park - Uttarakhand
The Aravalli Biodiversity Park - Haryana
The Ranthambore National Park - Rajasthan
The Bandipur National Park - Karnataka
This question was previously asked in
UPSC SO-Steno – 2018
The Aravalli Biodiversity Park in Gurugram, Haryana, has been declared as India’s first “Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures” (OECM) site.
– OECM status is accorded by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
– An OECM is a geographically defined area other than a Protected Area, which is governed and managed in ways that achieve positive and sustained long-term outcomes for the in-situ conservation of biodiversity, with associated ecosystem functions and cultural, spiritual, socioeconomic, and other local relevant values.
– The Aravalli Biodiversity Park is a restored forest area on degraded mining land, showcasing how ecological restoration can significantly contribute to biodiversity conservation outside traditionally protected areas.
This declaration highlights the importance of conserving biodiversity in urban landscapes and through community-led restoration efforts. While Corbett, Ranthambore, and Bandipur are well-known National Parks, they fall under the category of ‘Protected Areas’ and not OECM sites.
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