Which one of the following subjects does not fall under the control of

Which one of the following subjects does not fall under the control of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, with which the Central Government deals in a legislative capacity only for the Union and in both legislative and executive capacities for all Union Territories ?

The medical profession and medical education
Mental health
Drugs standards
National Commission on Population
This question was previously asked in
UPSC SO-Steno – 2018
While the National Commission on Population was constituted under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and deals with population policy which is related to the Ministry’s mandate, all the other options (A, B, C) represent subjects over which the Ministry exercises more direct legislative and executive control (legislative for Union, legislative and executive for UTs) through central laws and regulatory bodies (e.g., NMC for medical education, Mental Healthcare Act, Drugs and Cosmetics Act).
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is the nodal ministry for medical education, mental health, drugs standards, and population policy. However, the National Commission on Population is an advisory body. While fully associated with MoHFW, its function as an advisory body on policy might be interpreted as less direct ‘control’ compared to the Ministry’s regulatory authority over professions, health areas, and product standards.
Subjects like “Medical and Public Health”, “Mental Health”, “Drugs and Poisons”, and “Population Control and Family Planning” are explicitly listed under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in the Allocation of Business Rules. Options A, B, and C relate to core regulatory and service delivery aspects of health, whereas D relates to a policy advisory body.
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