Which one of the following statements is true ?

Which one of the following statements is true ?

The force of gravity of the Earth on the Moon is greater than the force of gravity of the Moon on the Earth.
The force of gravity of the Moon on the Earth is greater than the force of gravity of the Earth on the Moon.
The force of gravity of the Earth on the Moon and of the Moon on the Earth are equal in magnitude and are in the same direction.
The force of gravity of the Earth on the Moon and of the Moon on the Earth are equal in magnitude but are in opposite directions.
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2023
According to Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, the force of gravity exerted by the Earth on the Moon is equal in magnitude to the force of gravity exerted by the Moon on the Earth. This is an application of Newton’s Third Law of Motion (for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction). These forces are always attractive and act along the line joining the centers of the two bodies, thus they are in opposite directions.
– Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation states that the gravitational force between two objects is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them (F = G * m1 * m2 / r^2). This formula is symmetrical with respect to m1 and m2, showing the force is the same magnitude for both.
– Newton’s Third Law of Motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The force Earth exerts on the Moon is the action, and the force Moon exerts on the Earth is the reaction.
– The forces are attractive, meaning Earth pulls the Moon towards it, and the Moon pulls the Earth towards it. Therefore, the forces are in opposite directions.
Although the forces are equal in magnitude, their effects are different due to the difference in mass. The Earth’s mass is much greater than the Moon’s mass. Therefore, the acceleration of the Moon towards the Earth (due to the Earth’s pull) is much greater than the acceleration of the Earth towards the Moon (due to the Moon’s pull, which causes tides).
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