Which one of the following statements is correct about Spring tides ?

Which one of the following statements is correct about Spring tides ?

High tide is higher than average high tide and Low tide is higher than average low tide.
High tide is lower than average high tide and Low tide is higher than average low tide.
High tide is higher than average high tide and Low tide is lower than average low tide.
High tide is lower than average high tide and Low tide is lower than average high tide.
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UPSC CAPF – 2023
Spring tides occur when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are aligned (during New Moon and Full Moon). The combined gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon causes a greater tidal range than average. This results in high tides that are higher than the average high tide and low tides that are lower than the average low tide. Option C correctly describes this phenomenon. Option A describes a condition where both high and low tides are higher than average, which is incorrect as low tides are lower during spring tides. Options B and D incorrectly state that high tides are lower than average.
Spring tides are the tides with the largest tidal range, occurring during syzygy (alignment of Earth, Moon, and Sun) at New Moon and Full Moon, characterized by exceptionally high high tides and exceptionally low low tides.
Conversely, neap tides occur during the first and third quarter Moon phases, when the Moon and Sun are at right angles to the Earth. Their gravitational pulls partially cancel each other out, resulting in a smaller tidal range, with lower high tides and higher low tides than average.