Which one of the following statements about the process of photosynthe

Which one of the following statements about the process of photosynthesis is correct ?

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Chemical energy is converted into light energy.

Carbon dioxide is oxidised to form carbohydrate.

Water molecule splits into hydrogen and oxygen.

Light energy is directly used to split water.

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2021

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During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water molecules are split (photolysis) using light energy absorbed by chlorophyll. This process yields oxygen, electrons, and protons (hydrogen ions). Oxygen is released as a byproduct.

Photosynthesis involves two main stages: light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle). The splitting of water occurs in the light-dependent reactions and is crucial for providing electrons and protons for subsequent steps and releasing oxygen.

The overall equation for photosynthesis is $6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$. Carbon dioxide is reduced to carbohydrate, not oxidized. Light energy is converted into chemical energy stored in glucose and other organic molecules.

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