Which one of the following relations is correct for net domestic

Which one of the following relations is correct for net domestic product?

Net Domestic Product = Gross Domestic Product + Depreciation
Net Domestic Product = Gross Domestic Product โ€“ Depreciation
Net Domestic Product = Gross Domestic Product/Depreciation
Net Domestic Product = Gross Domestic Product ร— Depreciation
This question was previously asked in
UPSC SO-Steno – 2018
The correct answer is B. Net Domestic Product (NDP) is calculated by subtracting Depreciation from Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
– Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific time period.
– Depreciation is the consumption of fixed capital, representing the decrease in the value of physical capital goods (like machinery, buildings) due to wear and tear or obsolescence over time.
– Net Domestic Product (NDP) measures the value of goods and services produced within a country’s borders minus the cost of capital consumed during the production process. It is a measure of net output.
The relationship is NDP = GDP – Depreciation. Similarly, Net National Product (NNP) is Gross National Product (GNP) minus Depreciation. NDP at market prices is GDP at market prices minus depreciation. NDP at factor cost is GDP at factor cost minus depreciation. NDP is a more accurate measure of the nation’s annual output available for consumption and investment after accounting for the capital used up in production.