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Which one of the following properties decreases across the periodic ta

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

Which one of the following properties decreases across the periodic table from left to right and increases from top to bottom?

Ionization energy

Electron affinity

Electronegativity

Atomic radius

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2021

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Atomic radius decreases across the periodic table from left to right and increases from top to bottom.

Across a period (left to right), the atomic radius decreases because the nuclear charge increases while electrons are added to the same energy shell, pulling the electron cloud closer to the nucleus. Down a group (top to bottom), the atomic radius increases because new electron shells are added, increasing the distance between the nucleus and the valence electrons, despite the increased nuclear charge.

Ionization energy, electron affinity (generally), and electronegativity all tend to increase across a period from left to right and decrease down a group from top to bottom, showing the opposite trend to atomic radius. This is because these properties are related to the attraction between the nucleus and electrons; a smaller radius generally means a stronger attraction.

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