The correct answer is (a) Collective Responsibility.
In a parliamentary system, the executive branch is drawn from the legislature. The prime minister and other ministers are members of parliament, and they must retain the confidence of the majority of the members of parliament in order to remain in office. This is known as the principle of collective responsibility.
In the British parliamentary system, the prime minister is the head of government and the leader of the party with the most seats in the House of Commons. The prime minister appoints the other ministers, who must also be members of parliament. The prime minister and the other ministers are collectively responsible to the House of Commons. This means that if the House of Commons passes a motion of no confidence in the government, the prime minister and the other ministers must resign.
In the Indian parliamentary system, the president is the head of state, but the prime minister is the head of government. The president is elected by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of parliament and the legislative assemblies of the states. The prime minister is appointed by the president, but the president must appoint the person who is most likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of parliament. The prime minister then appoints the other ministers, who must also be members of parliament. The prime minister and the other ministers are collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of parliament. This means that if the Lok Sabha passes a motion of no confidence in the government, the prime minister and the other ministers must resign.
The other options are not unique to the Indian parliamentary system.
(b) Judicial Review is the power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional. This power is not unique to the Indian parliamentary system. It is also found in the United States, Canada, and many other countries.
(c) Bicameral Legislature is a legislature that is divided into two houses. The Indian parliament is bicameral, consisting of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. However, the British parliament is unicameral, consisting of the House of Commons.
(d) Real and Nominal Executive is a distinction between the person who is the head of state and the person who is the head of government. In the British parliamentary system, the monarch is the head of state, but the prime minister is the head of government. In the Indian parliamentary system, the president is the head of state, but the prime minister is the head of government.