Which one of the following plant tissues has dead cells ?

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Which one of the following plant tissues has dead cells ?

Epidermis
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2020
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Sclerenchyma is a plant tissue that provides mechanical support and strength to the plant. Sclerenchyma cells typically have thick, lignified secondary cell walls and are often dead at maturity, their function being purely mechanical support provided by their rigid walls. Examples include fibers (long, slender cells) and sclereids (variously shaped cells found in fruits, seeds, etc.).
Plant tissues can be broadly classified into meristematic (dividing cells) and permanent (differentiated cells). Permanent tissues can be simple (made of one type of cell) or complex (made of more than one type of cell). Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma are simple permanent tissues. Parenchyma and Collenchyma are composed of living cells.
– Epidermis is the outermost protective layer of cells, usually living.
– Parenchyma cells are living, thin-walled cells involved in photosynthesis, storage, secretion, etc.
– Collenchyma cells are living cells with unevenly thickened primary cell walls, providing mechanical support to growing stems and petioles.

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