The correct answer is A. Sodium benzoate.
Sodium benzoate is a food preservative that is used to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in food. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water. Sodium benzoate is found naturally in some fruits and vegetables, such as cranberries and apples. It is also produced synthetically.
Sodium benzoate is used in a variety of foods, including soft drinks, jams, jellies, pickles, and salad dressings. It is also used in some cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium benzoate is generally considered safe when used in food at the levels that are currently permitted. However, some people may be sensitive to sodium benzoate and experience side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
B. Picric acid is a yellow, crystalline solid that is used as a dye and explosive. It is not a food preservative.
C. Glycerine is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is used as a humectant, lubricant, and solvent. It is not a food preservative.
D. Sodium chloride is a white, crystalline solid that is used as a food additive, table salt, and water softener. It is not a food preservative.