Which one of the following is the most noticeable characteristic of th

Which one of the following is the most noticeable characteristic of the Mediterranean climate ?

Limited geographical extent
Dry summer
Dry winter
Moderate temperature
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2019
The Mediterranean climate, found around the Mediterranean Sea, parts of California, central Chile, South Africa’s Cape region, and southwestern Australia, is primarily characterized by its distinctive rainfall pattern: dry, hot summers and mild, wet winters. The dry summer is a direct result of the seasonal shift of pressure belts, with the subtropical high-pressure belt moving over these regions during summer.
The most noticeable characteristic of the Mediterranean climate is the pronounced dry period during the summer months.
Other characteristics include moderate temperatures throughout the year compared to continental climates, frost being rare, and the presence of sclerophyll vegetation (hard-leaved, drought-resistant plants) adapted to the long summer drought. While limited geographical extent is true, the unique pattern of summer drought and winter rain is the defining climatic feature.