Which one of the following is the most important stage in the process

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Which one of the following is the most important stage in the process of ecological succession?

Claim
Acceptance by community members
Reaction
Settlement
This question was previously asked in
UPSC Geoscientist – 2023
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The correct answer is (C) Reaction.
In ecological succession, ‘Reaction’ refers to the modifications made by organisms to their physical habitat. These changes, such as altering soil composition, light availability, or nutrient levels, significantly influence the suitability of the environment for the existing community and pave the way for the establishment of subsequent communities. It is a crucial feedback mechanism that drives the process of succession forward.
The typical stages or concepts in ecological succession include colonization, facilitation, tolerance, and inhibition, leading towards a climax community. While the term ‘Reaction’ might not be used in all models, it encapsulates the vital concept of how biotic factors (organisms) interact with and change abiotic factors (environment), which is fundamental to understanding successional dynamics. The other options (Claim, Acceptance by community members, Settlement) are not standard ecological terms used to describe stages in succession.

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