Which one of the following is not necessary for perimeter security ?

Which one of the following is not necessary for perimeter security ?

CCTV
Water moat
Alarm system
Lighting
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2018
The correct answer is B) Water moat. While a water moat can act as a physical barrier, it is not a standard or universally necessary component of modern perimeter security, unlike electronic surveillance, detection systems, and illumination.
Modern perimeter security relies on a layered approach, typically including physical barriers (fences, walls), surveillance (CCTV), detection systems (alarms, sensors), and deterrence mechanisms (lighting, signage). CCTV, alarm systems, and lighting are widely used and considered fundamental components for effective perimeter security in various settings (industrial, infrastructure, residential). A water moat is a less common, more specialized, and often impractical barrier in most contemporary security applications.
Options A, C, and D represent essential elements of an integrated perimeter security system. CCTV provides visual monitoring, alarm systems detect intrusion attempts, and lighting enhances visibility for surveillance and acts as a deterrent during hours of darkness. A water moat’s effectiveness depends heavily on the environment and is often cost-prohibitive and difficult to maintain compared to other barriers.