Which one of the following is not a subject that has been devolved t

Which one of the following is not a subject that has been devolved to the Panchayati Raj Institutions by the 11th Schedule of the Constitution of India ?

Non-conventional energy resources
Roads
Higher education
Libraries
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2017
The 11th Schedule of the Constitution of India lists 29 subjects devolved to the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) for their planning and implementation. Among the given options, “Higher education” is not one of the subjects listed in the 11th Schedule. Education listed in the schedule (Item 17) is generally interpreted as primary and secondary education, not higher education.
The 11th Schedule enumerates the functional items placed within the purview of Panchayats under Article 243G of the Constitution, added by the 73rd Amendment Act, 1992.
Subjects listed in the 11th Schedule include minor irrigation, land improvement, animal husbandry, fisheries, social forestry, small scale industries, rural housing, drinking water, poverty alleviation programmes, education (primary and secondary), libraries, cultural activities, markets and fairs, health and sanitation, family welfare, women and child development, social welfare, public distribution system, maintenance of community assets, etc. Non-conventional energy resources (Item 6), Roads (Item 13), and Libraries (Item 18) are explicitly listed.
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