Which one of the following is not a chemical change?

Which one of the following is not a chemical change?

Ripening of fruits
Curdling of milk
Freezing of water
Digestion of food
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2016
A chemical change involves a change in the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substances with different properties. A physical change alters the form or appearance of a substance but not its chemical identity.
A) Ripening of fruits: Involves complex chemical reactions that change color, sweetness, texture, and aroma (e.g., conversion of starch to sugars, breakdown of pigments). This is a chemical change.
B) Curdling of milk: Usually caused by the action of acids or enzymes on milk proteins (casein), causing them to coagulate and separate from the liquid whey. This is a chemical change.
C) Freezing of water: Water changes from liquid state to solid state (ice). The chemical composition remains H₂O. This is a change of state, which is a physical change.
D) Digestion of food: Involves the breakdown of complex food molecules (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) into simpler molecules by enzymes. These are chemical reactions. This is a chemical change.
Therefore, freezing of water is not a chemical change; it is a physical change.
Chemical changes result in new substances; physical changes do not change the chemical composition.
Changes of state (melting, freezing, boiling, condensation, sublimation) are common examples of physical changes. Burning, rusting, cooking, and decomposition are examples of chemical changes.