Which one of the following is an organic soil ?

Aridisols

Histosols

Oxisols

Vertisols

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UPSC NDA-2 – 2023

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Organic soils are characterized by their high content of organic matter, typically formed from the accumulation and decomposition of plant remains. In the USDA soil taxonomy system, Histosols are an order of soils that are primarily composed of organic materials (often >20-30% organic carbon by weight) in the upper 80 cm, commonly found in wetland environments like bogs, marshes, and swamps.

Histosols are defined by their high organic matter content, distinguishing them from mineral soils.

Aridisols are soils of arid and semi-arid climates, typically low in organic matter. Oxisols are highly weathered soils found in tropical and subtropical regions, rich in iron and aluminum oxides. Vertisols are clay-rich soils that shrink and swell significantly with changes in moisture content. These other soil orders are classified as mineral soils.

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