Which one of the following is an organelle that is NOT found in prokar

Which one of the following is an organelle that is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?

[amp_mcq option1=”Cell wall” option2=”Mitochondria” option3=”Plasma membrane” option4=”Ribosome” correct=”option2″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-1 – 2018

The correct answer is B) Mitochondria.

Prokaryotic cells (like bacteria and archaea) are structurally simpler than eukaryotic cells. A key difference is the absence of membrane-bound organelles in prokaryotes.
A) Cell wall: Many prokaryotes have a cell wall (though different in composition from eukaryotic cell walls like those in plants or fungi).
B) Mitochondria: Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles responsible for cellular respiration and ATP production in eukaryotic cells. They are *not* found in prokaryotic cells. In prokaryotes, respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and across the cell membrane.
C) Plasma membrane: The plasma membrane (cell membrane) surrounds the cytoplasm and is present in *all* cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
D) Ribosome: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and are found in the cytoplasm of *all* cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic (though prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S, and eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S).

Besides mitochondria, other membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and chloroplasts are also absent in prokaryotic cells. Their genetic material (DNA) is typically a single, circular chromosome located in a region called the nucleoid, without a nuclear membrane.

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