Which one of the following is an example of a physical change?

Ripening of banana

Souring of milk

Melting of ice

Passing CO₂ gas into water

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UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2024

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Melting of ice is a physical change because it involves a change of state from solid water (ice) to liquid water. The chemical composition of the substance remains H₂O throughout the process; only its physical form changes. Physical changes are typically reversible.

A physical change alters the form or appearance of a substance but not its chemical composition.

Ripening of banana and souring of milk are examples of chemical changes because they involve chemical reactions that result in the formation of new substances with different chemical properties (e.g., sugars converting to acids, proteins and sugars breaking down). Passing CO₂ gas into water leads to the formation of carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), which is also a chemical change. Chemical changes are often irreversible.

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