Which one of the following hormones is essential for the uptake of glucose by cells in the human body?
[amp_mcq option1=”GH” option2=”TSH” option3=”Insulin” option4=”Cortisol” correct=”option3″]
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2016
– Its primary role is to regulate blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose from the bloodstream into most cells of the body, particularly muscle, fat, and liver cells.
– Insulin binds to receptors on cell membranes, triggering the translocation of glucose transporters (like GLUT4) to the cell surface, allowing glucose to enter the cell.
– GH (Growth Hormone) has effects on metabolism, including promoting growth and cell reproduction. It can increase blood glucose levels by stimulating gluconeogenesis and inhibiting glucose uptake.
– TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism but are not directly involved in glucose uptake by most cells.
– Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It also influences glucose metabolism, typically by increasing blood glucose levels (gluconeogenesis) and reducing peripheral glucose uptake.