Which one of the following has non-nucleated cells at maturity?

Xylem parenchyma

Xylem fibre

Palisade parenchyma

Companion cell

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UPSC Geoscientist – 2023

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Xylem fibre has non-nucleated cells at maturity.

Different types of plant cells have varying structures and functions, and their state at maturity (living or dead, presence or absence of organelles like nucleus) differs.

Xylem parenchyma cells are living cells and possess a nucleus at maturity. Palisade parenchyma cells are living, photosynthetic cells in leaves and have a nucleus. Companion cells are living cells associated with sieve tube elements in phloem and have a nucleus, which is metabolically active and supports the sieve tube element. Xylem fibres are sclerenchymatous cells that provide mechanical support. They develop thick lignified cell walls and are typically dead at maturity, meaning they lose their protoplast, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, and other organelles. Another prominent example of a non-nucleated cell at maturity in vascular plants is the sieve tube element of the phloem, which relies on the adjacent companion cell for metabolic support.

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