Which one of the following elements is involved in the control of wate

Which one of the following elements is involved in the control of water content of the blood?

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Potassium

Lithium

Rubidium

Caesium

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-1 – 2018

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Potassium is the correct answer among the given options. While sodium is the primary electrolyte determining the osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid, including blood plasma, and thus the control of water content, potassium is the major intracellular cation and plays a critical role in maintaining cell volume and membrane potential. Proper balance of potassium is essential for the function of the kidneys, which regulate water and electrolyte excretion, thereby influencing blood volume and water content. Hormones like aldosterone regulate both sodium and potassium levels, highlighting their interconnected roles in fluid homeostasis.

– Water content of blood is controlled by the balance of electrolytes, primarily sodium in the extracellular fluid.
– Potassium is a crucial intracellular electrolyte involved in cell volume and membrane function.
– The kidneys, regulated by hormones, control electrolyte and water balance.
– Among the options provided, Potassium is the only major electrolyte with a significant role in overall fluid and electrolyte balance impacting blood water content, especially through its influence on kidney function and cellular osmotic balance.

Sodium (Na⁺) is the main electrolyte responsible for the osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid. Hormones like ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) and Aldosterone regulate water and sodium reabsorption/excretion by the kidneys, directly influencing blood volume and water content. While potassium’s role in blood water content control is less direct than sodium’s, its proper balance is essential for normal physiological function, including kidney function and cellular integrity, which are critical for maintaining overall fluid homeostasis. Lithium has medicinal uses but is not a primary regulator of normal fluid balance; Rubidium and Caesium are not essential electrolytes and can be toxic.

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