The correct answer is (a) Afghanistan.
Afghanistan has the highest birth rate in the world, with an estimated 46.3 births per 1,000 people in 2020. This is significantly higher than the global average of 18.4 births per 1,000 people.
There are a number of factors that contribute to Afghanistan’s high birth rate. One factor is the country’s low level of education and economic development. Women in Afghanistan are often married off at a young age and have little access to contraception. As a result, they have more children than they would if they had more education and economic opportunities.
Another factor that contributes to Afghanistan’s high birth rate is the country’s high infant mortality rate. Many children die before they reach the age of five, which means that families need to have more children in order to ensure that some of them survive to adulthood.
The high birth rate in Afghanistan has a number of negative consequences. It puts a strain on the country’s resources, such as food and water. It also contributes to poverty and inequality. In addition, it can lead to social unrest, as young people who are unable to find jobs or education opportunities may become frustrated and turn to violence.
The Afghan government has taken some steps to address the issue of the high birth rate. In 2009, the government launched a family planning program that provides free contraception to women. However, the program has been hampered by a lack of funding and resources.
In order to reduce the birth rate in Afghanistan, the government needs to do more to improve the lives of women. This includes providing them with access to education, employment, and healthcare. The government also needs to invest in family planning programs and make contraception more widely available.