Which one of the following consequences will happen if large quantitie

Which one of the following consequences will happen if large quantities of domestic sewage are continuously discharged in a stream ?

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Increase in the algal bloom of the stream water

Increase in the temperature level of the stream water

Reduction in the carbon dioxide level of the stream water

Reduction in the dissolved oxygen level of the stream water

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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Discharging large quantities of domestic sewage into a stream will result in a reduction in the dissolved oxygen level of the stream water.

Domestic sewage contains a high concentration of organic matter. Decomposers (primarily aerobic bacteria) break down this organic matter, a process that consumes large amounts of dissolved oxygen from the water (high Biochemical Oxygen Demand – BOD).

A significant drop in dissolved oxygen can be detrimental or fatal to fish and other aquatic organisms, leading to their death and disruption of the aquatic ecosystem. While sewage also contains nutrients that can lead to algal blooms (eutrophication), the immediate and most critical consequence for aquatic life is the depletion of dissolved oxygen.

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