Which one of the following best describes the term ‘Integrated Farming

Which one of the following best describes the term ‘Integrated Farming System’ ?

It is a system of agriculture where multiple crops are grown simultaneously on the same field.
It is a system of farming where livestock is integrated with crop production.
It is a system of farming that combines traditional farming practices with modern technology.
It is a farming system that utilizes resources in a cyclical manner to improve sustainability.
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Option D is the best description of the term ‘Integrated Farming System’.
– An Integrated Farming System (IFS) is a holistic approach that combines multiple compatible farm enterprises such as crops, livestock, poultry, fishery, forestry, etc., within the farm.
– The primary objective of IFS is to utilize resources efficiently, minimize waste by recycling it as input for other components, and thereby improve the productivity and sustainability of the farm.
– Option A describes intercropping or mixed cropping. Option B describes a common form of integration within IFS, but not the system’s overarching principle. Option C relates to modern or sustainable agriculture practices.
– Option D accurately captures the core principle of IFS, which revolves around cyclical resource flow and improving overall sustainability and efficiency.
IFS aims to provide stable income, reduce reliance on external inputs, generate employment, and enhance biodiversity on the farm. Examples include using livestock manure as fertilizer for crops, crop residues as feed for livestock, or integrating fish farming with crop irrigation.