The correct answer is (a) Parliament.
The Constitution of India, in its Article 19, guarantees six fundamental rights to all citizens of India. However, these rights are not absolute and can be restricted by the State in the interest of the general public. The power to impose such restrictions is vested in Parliament.
The Supreme Court can only strike down a law that it finds to be unconstitutional. It cannot impose restrictions on fundamental rights on its own. The President can also impose restrictions on fundamental rights, but only in times of emergency. The Election Commission has no power to impose restrictions on fundamental rights.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
(a) Parliament: Parliament is the supreme legislative body of India. It is composed of the President and the two Houses of Parliament, the Lok Sabha (the House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (the Council of States). Parliament has the power to make laws, including laws that restrict fundamental rights.
(b) Supreme Court: The Supreme Court is the highest court in India. It has the power to interpret the Constitution and to strike down laws that it finds to be unconstitutional. However, it cannot impose restrictions on fundamental rights on its own.
(c) President: The President is the head of state of India. He/She is elected by an electoral college consisting of members of Parliament and the legislative assemblies of the states. The President has the power to declare a state of emergency, during which he/she can suspend fundamental rights.
(d) Election Commission: The Election Commission is an independent body that is responsible for conducting elections to Parliament, the state legislatures, and the offices of the President and the Vice President. It has no power to impose restrictions on fundamental rights.