Which one of the following acids is secreted by leaves of Nettle that

Which one of the following acids is secreted by leaves of Nettle that causes painful stings?

Methanoic acid

Citric acid

Tartaric acid

Acetic acid

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-2 – 2021

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The stinging sensation caused by Nettle leaves (Urtica dioica) is primarily due to the injection of chemicals from specialized hairs (trichomes). One of the main chemicals responsible is formic acid, which is also known by its IUPAC name, methanoic acid (HCOOH).

Methanoic acid (formic acid) is a simple carboxylic acid found in natural sources like ant stings and nettle stings, causing irritation and pain.

Nettle stings also contain other irritating chemicals like histamine, acetylcholine, and serotonin, which contribute to the overall inflammatory response and sensation. Methanoic acid is the systematic name for the smallest carboxylic acid (one carbon atom).

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