Which one among the following treaties of human rights was signed but

Which one among the following treaties of human rights was signed but not yet ratified by India?

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination
Convention on the Political Rights of Women
United Nations Convention against Torture
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2012
The correct option is D, the United Nations Convention against Torture (CAT), which India has signed but not yet ratified.
Ratification is a formal process by which a state signifies its consent to be bound by a treaty. Signing a treaty indicates a state’s intention to comply with the treaty and its willingness to continue the treaty-making process.
A) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR): India signed this Covenant on 10 April 1979 and ratified it on the same day.
B) International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD): India signed this Convention on 1 March 1968 and ratified it on 3 December 1968.
C) Convention on the Political Rights of Women: India signed this Convention on 22 May 1953 and ratified it on 1 November 1953.
D) United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (UNCAT or CAT): India signed this Convention on 14 October 1997 but has not yet ratified it. Ratification requires the passage of domestic legislation to implement the treaty’s provisions.