Which one among the following systems contains the oldest rock formati

Which one among the following systems contains the oldest rock formation of India?

Aravalli System

Archean System

Cuddapah System

Vindhyan System

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2013

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The Archean System contains the oldest rock formations of India.

The Archean System represents the oldest geological era (approximately 4 billion to 2.5 billion years ago) and comprises the basement complex of India. It includes highly metamorphosed rocks like gneisses, schists, and charnockites, often referred to as the “Archean Gneiss Complex”. These rocks form the core of the Indian Peninsular block. Younger rock systems like Dharwar (part of Archean/Proterozoic), Cuddapah (Purana), and Vindhyan (Purana) were deposited or formed upon this ancient base.

The Dharwar System, though often grouped with Archean, represents the oldest sedimentary rocks formed during the Archean/Proterozoic transition, deposited on the Archean basement. The Cuddapah and Vindhyan systems are part of the Purana Group (Proterozoic era), which are significantly younger than the Archean formations. While the Aravalli *range* structure is formed from ancient rocks, the oldest *rock formations* themselves belong to the Archean era.

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