Which one among the following statements correctly defines the term Bi

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Which one among the following statements correctly defines the term Bio-fortification ?

Enrichment of the nutrient quality of the soil using biological agents
Breeding crops to increase their nutritional values
Increase of organo-metallic compounds in the organism through energy flow in an ecosystem
Adoption of genetic variable plants for breeding of high yielding varieties
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2014
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Bio-fortification is the process of increasing the density of vitamins and minerals in a crop through either conventional plant breeding, transgenic techniques, or agronomic practices. The goal is to improve human nutrition by making staple foods more nutritious.
The core concept of bio-fortification is improving the *nutritional content* of the crop itself, not just the soil it grows in or its yield.
Option A describes aspects related to soil fertility or bio-fertilization. Option C describes bio-magnification or bio-accumulation, where substances concentrate in organisms up the food chain. Option D describes general plant breeding for yield, which is distinct from specifically targeting nutritional enhancement.

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