Which one among the following is an example of chemical change ?

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Which one among the following is an example of chemical change ?

Sublimation of camphor
Melting of ice
Heating of an iron rod
Mixing of NaOH and HCl
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2024
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A chemical change results in the formation of new substances with different chemical properties. Mixing sodium hydroxide (NaOH, a strong base) and hydrochloric acid (HCl, a strong acid) causes a neutralization reaction: NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l). Sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H₂O) are produced, which have entirely different chemical properties compared to the reactants. Sublimation, melting, and simple heating of a solid are physical changes, altering the state or temperature but not the chemical identity of the substance.
Chemical changes involve the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, resulting in new substances. Physical changes involve alterations in form, state, or appearance without changing chemical composition.
Neutralization reactions are a common type of chemical change where an acid and a base react to form a salt and water. These reactions are often exothermic, releasing heat.

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