The correct answer is D. N.S. Parihar.
N.S. Parihar was an Indian plant physiologist who proposed a theory for long distance transport of water in plants. His theory, which is known as the “Parihar theory”, states that water is transported in plants through a combination of root pressure and transpiration pull.
Root pressure is the pressure that is generated by the cells in the roots of plants. This pressure is caused by the active transport of ions out of the cells, which creates a difference in water potential between the inside and outside of the cells. This difference in water potential causes water to move into the roots, which creates a pressure that can help to transport water up the stem of the plant.
Transpiration pull is the force that is created by the evaporation of water from the leaves of plants. This evaporation creates a difference in water potential between the inside and outside of the leaves, which causes water to move out of the leaves. This movement of water creates a pull that can help to transport water up the stem of the plant.
The Parihar theory is a well-supported theory that has been used to explain the long distance transport of water in plants. It is a valuable tool for understanding how plants function and for developing new ways to improve crop yields.
A. J.C. Bose was an Indian physicist and biologist who is best known for his work on plant physiology. He did not propose a theory for long distance transport of water in plants.
B. Birbal Sahni was an Indian botanist and paleontologist who is best known for his work on the fossil record of India. He did not propose a theory for long distance transport of water in plants.
C. P. Maheshwari was an Indian botanist who is best known for his work on the embryology of plants. He did not propose a theory for long distance transport of water in plants.