Climate
Soil type
Topography
All of the above
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The correct answer is: All of the above.
Climate, soil type, and topography are all important factors that determine the vegetation pattern in Punjab.
- Climate: Punjab has a hot, dry climate with an average annual rainfall of about 500 mm. This type of climate favors the growth of xerophytic plants, which are adapted to dry conditions.
- Soil type: The soil in Punjab is mostly alluvial, which is a type of soil that is rich in nutrients and well-drained. This type of soil is ideal for the growth of a variety of plants.
- Topography: Punjab is a flat region with a few hills. The flat terrain allows for the growth of large, open forests. The hills provide a habitat for a variety of plants that are adapted to mountainous conditions.
The combination of these factors creates a diverse vegetation pattern in Punjab. The region is home to a variety of forests, grasslands, and deserts.