Which of the following statements with regard to Biosphere Reserve is/

Which of the following statements with regard to Biosphere Reserve is/are correct ?

1. The idea of Biosphere Reserve was initiated by UNESCO in 1973-74
2. There are 18 designated Biosphere Reserves in India
3. All Biosphere Reserves in India have been included in world network of Biosphere Reserves of UNESCO

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only

2 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2020

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Statement 1 is largely correct. The idea of the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme, which initiated the concept of Biosphere Reserves, was launched by UNESCO in 1971, with the concept of Biosphere Reserves being developed and defined in the early 1970s, with the first reserves designated in 1976. So, the idea’s initiation phase fits within 1973-74.
Statement 2 is correct. India currently has 18 designated Biosphere Reserves.
Statement 3 is incorrect. While many Indian Biosphere Reserves are part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves of UNESCO (currently 12 out of 18), not all of them have been included in the world network.

Biosphere Reserves are areas comprising terrestrial, marine, and coastal ecosystems. They are designated by UNESCO’s MAB Programme to promote sustainable development based on local community efforts and sound science. They typically include core areas (strictly protected), buffer zones (used for research, tourism, and education), and transition areas (where local communities practice sustainable resource use).

The 12 Indian Biosphere Reserves in the World Network are: Nilgiri, Gulf of Mannar, Sunderban, Nanda Devi, Nokrek, Pachmarhi, Similipal, Great Nicobar, Achanakmar-Amarkantak, Agasthyamalai, Khangchendzonga, and Panna.

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