Which of the following statements relating to the sampling theory are correct? 1. The values of the statistical measures based on the sampled units are called values of statistics. 2. In the simple random sampling technique, the element of the population and the unit of the sample are different. 3. Snow-ball sampling technique is a probability based sampling technique. 4. The ‘law of statistical regularity’ and the ‘law of inertia of large numbers’ are the main bases of the sample to become representative of the population. Choose the correct answer:

The correct answer is: Both 1 and 4.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

• Option 1: The values of the statistical measures based on the sampled units are called values of statistics.

This is correct. Statistics are the values of the statistical measures based on the sampled units. For example, if we are interested in the average height of a population, we would take a random sample of people from the population and measure their heights. The average height of the sample would be a statistic.

• Option 2: In the simple random sampling technique, the element of the population and the unit of the sample are different.

This is incorrect. In simple random sampling, the element of the population and the unit of the sample are the same. For example, if we are interested in the average height of a population, we would take a random sample of people from the population and measure their heights. The people in the sample would be both the elements of the population and the units of the sample.

• Option 3: Snow-ball sampling technique is a probability based sampling technique.

This is incorrect. Snow-ball sampling is a non-probability sampling technique. In snow-ball sampling, the researcher starts with a small group of people who meet the criteria for the study and then asks them to identify other people who meet the criteria. This process is repeated until the desired sample size is reached. Because the researcher does not have control over who is included in the sample, snow-ball sampling is not a probability sampling technique.

• Option 4: The ‘law of statistical regularity’ and the ‘law of inertia of large numbers’ are the main bases of the sample to become representative of the population.

This is correct. The law of statistical regularity states that if a sample is large enough, the sample statistics will be close to the population parameters. The law of inertia of large numbers states that the larger the sample size, the more likely it is that the sample statistics will be close to the population parameters. These two laws are the main bases of the sample to become representative of the population.