Which of the following statements related to latitude are true? 1. R

Which of the following statements related to latitude are true?

  • 1. Rainfall, temperature and vegetation vary with latitude.
  • 2. The difference between the longest day and the shortest day increases with latitude.
  • 3. Indira Point is located approximately at 6°45′ N latitude.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2017
The correct answer is D) 1, 2 and 3.
– Statement 1: Rainfall, temperature, and vegetation patterns are strongly influenced by latitude. Temperature generally decreases from the equator towards the poles due to varying angles of solar radiation. This temperature gradient affects rainfall patterns (e.g., equatorial rainforests, subtropical deserts, temperate forests, polar ice). Different climatic zones support distinct types of vegetation. Thus, this statement is true.
– Statement 2: The difference between the longest day and the shortest day increases with latitude. At the equator (0° latitude), the day and night are roughly 12 hours long throughout the year. As latitude increases towards the poles (90°), the variation between day and night length increases significantly, culminating in phenomena like the Midnight Sun and polar night within the Arctic and Antarctic circles (beyond ~66.5° latitude). Thus, this statement is true.
– Statement 3: Indira Point is the southernmost point of India’s territory (in the Great Nicobar Island). Its geographical coordinates are approximately 6°45′ North latitude. Thus, this statement is true.
Latitude is one of the fundamental factors influencing Earth’s climate and biological diversity. The variation in day length with latitude is a result of the tilt of the Earth’s axis relative to its orbital plane around the Sun.