Which of the following statements regarding species interdependence are true?

An association of two species where one is benefitted and other remains unaffected called mutualism
An interspecific association where both partners derive benefit from each other is called commensalism
A direct food relation between two species of animals in which one animals kills and feed on another is referred as predation
A relationship between two species of organism where both the partners are benefitted from each other is called symbiosis A. A and B only B. C and D only C. A and C only D. B and C only E. B and D only

The correct answer is: A and C only

  • Mutualism is a type of symbiosis where both species involved benefit from the relationship. For example, many plants have mutualistic relationships with bacteria that live in their roots. These bacteria help the plants to fix nitrogen from the air, which the plants need to grow. In return, the bacteria get a place to live and food from the plant.
  • Predation is a type of interaction where one organism (the predator) kills and eats another organism (the prey). This is a one-way interaction, as the prey does not benefit from the relationship.
  • Commensalism is a type of symbiosis where one species benefits from the relationship, while the other species is neither harmed nor benefited. For example, barnacles often attach themselves to whales. The barnacles benefit from the ride, as they are able to travel long distances without having to swim themselves. The whales are not harmed by the barnacles, as they do not affect the whale’s ability to swim or feed.

Therefore, the only statements that are true are A and C.