Which of the following statements is/are correct ? 1. Some Rights co

Which of the following statements is/are correct ?

  • 1. Some Rights contained in Part-III of the Constitution of India are enforceable against the State only
  • 2. Some Rights contained in Part-III of the Constitution of India are enforceable in favor of citizens only
  • 3. Some Rights contained in Part-III of the Constitution of India are enforceable against both, the state and individuals

Select the answer using the code given below :

1 and 2 only
2 only
1 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2024
Statement 1 is correct: Some rights like those under Articles 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, and 28 are primarily enforceable against the actions of the State.
Statement 2 is correct: Some rights, such as those under Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, and 30, are available only to citizens and thus enforceable in their favor.
Statement 3 is correct: Some rights, like those against untouchability (Article 17), prohibition of forced labour (Article 23), and prohibition of child labour (Article 24), as well as Article 15(2) regarding access to public places, are enforceable against both the State and private individuals.
Since all three statements are correct, option D is the correct answer.
Fundamental Rights in Part III of the Constitution have varying scopes of enforceability regarding the entities against whom they can be enforced (State, individuals) and the beneficiaries (citizens, persons).
The definition of ‘State’ under Article 12 is broad and includes the Government and Parliament of India, the Government and the Legislature of each of the States, and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India. Judicial decisions have further expanded this definition.