Which of the following statements according to the Constitution of Ind

Which of the following statements according to the Constitution of India is/are correct?

  • 1. Equality before the law is available to the citizens of India only.
  • 2. Equality of opportunity in the matters of public employment is available to citizens of India only.
  • 3. Right to freedom of speech and expression is available to all persons residing in India.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 only
2 only
3 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2019
Statement 2 is correct. Article 16, guaranteeing equality of opportunity in matters of public employment, is a fundamental right available only to citizens of India. Statements 1 and 3 are incorrect. Article 14 (Equality before law and equal protection of laws) is available to all ‘persons’ (citizens and non-citizens). Article 19 (which includes the right to freedom of speech and expression) is available only to ‘citizens’.
Some fundamental rights are available to all persons residing in India, while others are available exclusively to citizens. This distinction is based on the nature of the right.
Rights available only to citizens include those under Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, and 30. Rights available to both citizens and foreigners include those under Articles 14, 20, 21, 21A, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28.
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