Which of the following statements about Virashaivism is/are correct?

1. The Virashaivism traces its origin to the five great religious teachers-Renuka, Daruka, Ghantakarna, Dhenukarna and Vishvakarna.
2. The Virashaiva philosophy is called Shaktivishishtadvaita-the non-duality of God.
3. Ashtavarana are the eight rules of the Virashaivism to be observed by the followers.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 2 only” option2=”1, 2 and 3″ option3=”1 and 3 only” option4=”3 only” correct=”option2″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-1 – 2024

All three statements are correct.

Virashaivism, also known as Lingayatism, traces its origin to five traditional acharyas, including Renuka and Daruka. Its philosophy is termed Shaktivishishtadvaita, representing a qualified non-duality relating the soul, God (Shiva), and divine energy (Shakti). Ashtavarana are the eight vital observances or protections that guide the spiritual life of a Virashaiva devotee.

Ashtavarana include Gurulingajangama (devotion to guru, linga, and jangama – the moving manifestation of God), Padodaka (drinking the water used to wash the Guru’s feet), Prasad (partaking of offerings), Vibhuti (smearing sacred ash), Rudraksha (wearing rudraksha beads), Mantra (chanting the five-syllable mantra Om Namah Shivaya), and Shivarpanam (dedicating all actions to Shiva).

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