Which of the following statements about the technological innovations

Which of the following statements about the technological innovations during the Industrial Revolutions are correct ?

1. Mule was the nickname for a machine invented in 1779, that allowed the spinning of strong and fine yarn.
2. Water Frame, invented in 1769 by Richard Arkwright, made it possible to weave pure cotton clothes.
3. Power loom, invented by Edmund Cartwright in 1787, could be used to weave any kind of materials.

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1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

2 and 3 only

3 only

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2023

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All three statements are correct. Statement 1 is correct: The Spinning Mule, invented by Samuel Crompton in 1779, combined features of earlier machines and was capable of spinning fine and strong yarn, nicknamed ‘mule’ because it was a hybrid. Statement 2 is correct: The Water Frame, invented by Richard Arkwright in 1769, produced stronger yarn suitable for warps, enabling the weaving of pure cotton cloth (before this, cotton textiles often used linen warps). Statement 3 is correct: The Power Loom, invented by Edmund Cartwright in 1787, mechanized the weaving process. While initial versions had limitations, the technology rapidly improved and was adapted to weave various materials, revolutionizing textile production across different fibers.

Key inventions like the Spinning Mule, Water Frame, and Power Loom significantly mechanized the textile industry during the Industrial Revolution, increasing productivity and changing manufacturing processes.

These inventions were crucial in shifting textile production from cottage industries to factories. The increased efficiency of spinning and weaving lowered the cost of textiles, making them more accessible. The demand for cotton grew, impacting agriculture (especially in the Americas) and trade networks.

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