Which of the following statements about Sufism is/are correct? 1. Sufi

Which of the following statements about Sufism is/are correct?
1. Sufism was the mystical interpretation that developed within Islam.
2. Sufi philosophy highlighted the atmosphere of religious tolerance by speaking about the universal love in quest of the Almighty.
3. The Sufis developed a very complex philosophy and initiated very complicated practices unintelligible to the masses.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 2
2 only
3 only
1 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
Statement 1 is correct. Sufism is widely recognized as the mystical and ascetic dimension of Islam, focusing on the inner spiritual path to attain closeness with God.
Statement 2 is correct. Sufi philosophy emphasizes universal love, compassion, and tolerance, often transcending sectarian boundaries. Sufis sought a personal, devotional relationship with the Divine, which fostered an atmosphere of religious tolerance and appealed to people of different faiths.
Statement 3 is incorrect. While Sufism does involve complex philosophical ideas and meditative practices, many aspects of Sufism, such as devotional music (Qawwali), stories of saints, and participation in Urs (death anniversary) festivals, were accessible and popular among the masses. The core message of love and devotion was simple and widely understood. Sufis often used local languages and cultural elements to connect with common people.
Sufism is the mystical dimension of Islam that emphasizes inner purity, devotion, and achieving spiritual union with God through love and personal experience. It played a significant role in bridging religious divides and spreading Islam through peaceful means and cultural synthesis in various parts of the world, including India.
Important Sufi orders (Silsilas) in India include the Chishtis, Suhrawardis, Qadiris, and Naqshbandis. Sufi shrines (Dargahs) became centres of pilgrimage and cultural interaction.