The correct answer is A. Cyprus – to maintain peace between the two dominant ethnic groups in the country.
The United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) was established in 1964 to maintain peace between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities on the island of Cyprus. The force has been deployed ever since, and its mandate has been renewed every six months by the UN Security Council.
The main tasks of UNFICYP are to prevent a recurrence of fighting, to maintain law and order, and to contribute to a peaceful settlement of the Cyprus problem. The force also provides humanitarian assistance to the civilian population and monitors the ceasefire line between the two communities.
The UNFICYP is one of the longest-serving UN peacekeeping missions in the world. It has played a vital role in maintaining peace on the island of Cyprus, and its presence has helped to prevent a recurrence of violence.
The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:
- Option B: The UN Peacekeeping Force in Mozambique (UNOMOZ) was established in 1992 to supervise a referendum on the independence of Mozambique from Portugal. The referendum was held in 1994, and Mozambique gained its independence. UNOMOZ was then disbanded.
- Option C: The UN Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL) was established in 1991 to monitor the implementation of the peace agreement between the government of El Salvador and the Farabundo Martà National Liberation Front (FMLN). ONUSAL was disbanded in 1995.
- Option D: The UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) was established in 1978 to confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanon and to restore international peace and security in the area. UNIFIL has been deployed ever since, and its mandate has been renewed every six months by the UN Security Council. The main tasks of UNIFIL are to monitor the ceasefire line between Israel and Lebanon, to assist the Lebanese Armed Forces in their efforts to maintain security in southern Lebanon, and to protect civilians.