Which of the following organelle(s) in an animal cell would have DNA a

Which of the following organelle(s) in an animal cell would have DNA and RNA?

Nucleus only
Nucleus and mitochondria only
Nucleus, mitochondria and ribosomes
Mitochondria only
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2020
In an animal cell, the Nucleus and mitochondria only would have DNA and RNA.
– DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the primary genetic material in most organisms. In eukaryotic cells, the majority of DNA is found in the nucleus (nuclear DNA), forming chromosomes.
– Eukaryotic cells also contain DNA in certain organelles: mitochondria (mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA) and, in plant cells and some other eukaryotes, chloroplasts (chloroplast DNA or cpDNA). Animal cells lack chloroplasts.
– RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is involved in protein synthesis and other cellular processes. Various types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA) are transcribed from DNA.
– In animal cells:
– Nucleus: Contains the main genome (DNA) and is where transcription occurs, producing various types of RNA. Thus, the nucleus has both DNA and RNA.
– Mitochondria: Contain their own circular DNA (mtDNA) and also have ribosomes (mitoribosomes) made of ribosomal RNA (mt-rRNA) and proteins, and produce their own mRNA and tRNA. Thus, mitochondria have both DNA and RNA.
– Ribosomes: Are complex molecular machines responsible for protein synthesis. They are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. Ribosomes themselves do not contain DNA. They read mRNA to build proteins.
– Therefore, in an animal cell, the nucleus and mitochondria are the organelles that contain both DNA and RNA.
While RNA is widely present in the cytoplasm (as mRNA being translated, tRNA carrying amino acids, and ribosomes containing rRNA), the question asks about *organelles* that contain both DNA and RNA. Ribosomes are technically organelles (or macromolecular machines depending on definition), but they lack DNA. The nucleus and mitochondria fit the criteria.