The correct answer is D. All of the mentioned.
A character class is a set of characters that can be matched by a regular expression. The square brackets ([]) are used to specify a character class. The curly braces ({}) are used to specify a range of characters. The plus sign (+) is used to match one or more of the preceding character. The forward slash (/) is used to specify a regular expression.
Here are some examples of character classes:
- [a-z] matches any lowercase letter.
- [0-9] matches any digit.
- [a-zA-Z] matches any letter, uppercase or lowercase.
- [^a-z] matches any character that is not a lowercase letter.
- [0-9a-z] matches any digit or lowercase letter.
- {1,3} matches one or three of the preceding character.
- {1,} matches one or more of the preceding character.
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- matches zero or more of the preceding character.
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- matches one or more of the preceding character.
- ? matches zero or one of the preceding character.
- . matches any character except a newline.
- \w matches any word character (a letter, a digit, or an underscore).
- \s matches any whitespace character (a space, tab, newline, or form feed).
- \d matches any digit.
- \n matches a newline character.
- \t matches a tab character.
- \r matches a carriage return character.
- \f matches a form feed character.
- \e matches an escape character.
- \a matches an alert character.
- \b matches a backspace character.
- \v matches a vertical tab character.
- \f matches a form feed character.
- \xnn matches the character with the octal value nn.
- \unnnn matches the character with the Unicode value nnnn.
- \UNNNN matches the character with the Unicode value NNNN.
Regular expressions are used in a variety of applications, such as text processing, web development, and database management.