The correct answer is B. Mitochondria.
Mitochondria are organelles found in eukaryotic cells that are responsible for energy production. They are often called the “powerhouses of the cell” because they produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy source for the cell.
Mitochondria are oval or rod-shaped organelles that are about 1 micrometer in diameter. They have a double membrane, with the inner membrane being folded into cristae. The space between the inner and outer membranes is called the intermembrane space. The space inside the inner membrane is called the matrix.
The matrix contains many enzymes that are involved in the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. These processes produce ATP from glucose and oxygen.
Mitochondria also have their own DNA, which is separate from the DNA in the nucleus. This DNA is thought to have originated from bacteria that were engulfed by early eukaryotic cells.
Mitochondria are essential for life, and they play a role in many important cellular processes, including energy production, cell signaling, and apoptosis.
The other options are incorrect because:
- The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It contains the cell’s DNA, which is responsible for storing and controlling the cell’s genetic information.
- Ribosomes are organelles that are responsible for protein synthesis.
- The Golgi body is an organelle that is responsible for packaging and exporting proteins.