Which of the following is not a characteristic of structured system development? A. partitioning of systems into manageable levels of detail B. specification of the interfaces between modules C. the use of graphical tools, such as data-flow diagrams, to model system D. All of the above are characteristics E. None of the above

The correct answer is: E. None of the above

Structured system development is a software development process that emphasizes the use of modularity, top-down design, and stepwise refinement. It is a systematic approach to software development that aims to produce high-quality software that is easy to maintain and modify.

The four main characteristics of structured system development are:

• Modularity: A system is divided into modules, each of which performs a specific task. This makes the system easier to understand, test, and maintain.
• Top-down design: The system is designed from the top down, starting with the overall system architecture and then decomposing it into smaller and smaller modules. This makes it easier to understand the system and to identify potential problems.
• Stepwise refinement: The system is developed in a series of steps, each of which adds more detail to the system. This makes it easier to control the development process and to ensure that the system meets the requirements.
• Use of graphical tools: Graphical tools are used to represent the system structure, data flow, and processing logic. This makes it easier to understand the system and to communicate with other developers.

All of the options listed in the question are characteristics of structured system development. Therefore, the correct answer is E. None of the above.