The correct answer is: B. data-base management systems
A data-base management system (DBMS) is a software system that allows users to create, update, and manage data in a database. A DBMS provides an interface between the functional applications and the database, which allows users to access the data they need without having to know how the database is organized.
A management information system (MIS) is a computer-based system that collects, stores, and processes data to produce information that managers can use to make decisions. An MIS typically includes a database, a data warehouse, and a variety of reporting tools.
A decision-support system (DSS) is a computer-based system that helps decision-makers make better decisions. A DSS typically includes a database, a data warehouse, a variety of analytical tools, and a user interface.
A data-processing system (DPS) is a computer-based system that performs routine tasks such as data entry, data validation, and data reporting. A DPS typically includes a database, a data warehouse, and a variety of processing tools.
E. None of the above is not the correct answer.