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Which of the following ideas was preached by the Kherwar or Sapha Har

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

Which of the following ideas was preached by the Kherwar or Sapha Har movement of the 1870s?

Acceptance of the Hindu pantheonic order

Monotheism and internal social reform

Philosophy of Yoga and Mimansa

Polytheism

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-2 – 2021

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The Kherwar movement, also known as the Sapha Har movement, was a socio-religious reform movement among the Santhals led by Bhagirath Manjhi starting around 1870. It primarily preached monotheism (worship of one God, identified as ‘Singh Bonga’), purity, abstinence from intoxicating drinks, and internal social reform within the Santhal community.

The movement aimed at restoring what its leaders considered to be the original, pure form of Santhal religion, free from external influences and practices like idol worship or consumption of alcohol. It emphasized devotion to a single God.

Initially, the movement was purely socio-religious, seeking purification and a return to Santhal traditions. However, over time, especially after 1880, it sometimes took on an agrarian and political character, including a no-rent campaign against zamindars, though its core ideology remained centered on religious purity and monotheism.

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